Nouns
- Countable nouns
- Uncountable nouns
- Uncountable nouns ending with '-s'
- Nouns - plural nouns
- Nouns - pronunciation of plural nouns
- Nouns with the same singular and plural forms
- Nouns with unusual plural form (of foreign origin)
- Nouns with only plural form
- Collective Nouns
- Possessive nouns with 's
The spelling rules of plural nouns.
General rules
| regular spelling | singular | plural | |
| '-s' in most cases | cat | cats | |
| tub | tubs | ||
| dog | dogs | ||
| house | houses | ||
| '-es' when a noun ends with: | -o | potato | potatoes |
| tomato | tomatoes | ||
| -ss | class | classes | |
| -x | box | boxes | |
| -ch | watch | watches | |
| -sh | bush | bushes | |
| WARNING: words of foreign origin take '-s' |
-o | dynamo | dynamos |
| kilo | kilos | ||
| kimono | kimonos | ||
| photo | photos | ||
| piano | pianos | ||
| soprano | sopranos | ||
| consonant + -y turns into | ies | country | countries |
| baby | babies | ||
| fly | flies | ||
| lady | ladies | ||
| cry | cries | ||
| vowel + y takes '-s' | -ay | day | days |
| -ey | key | keys | |
| -oy | boy | boys | |
| -uy | guy | guys | |
| proper nouns | Fry | the Frys | |
| Kennedy | the Kennedys | ||
| nouns ending with -f / -fe | -ves | loaf | loaves |
| knife | knives | ||
| life | lives | ||
| calf | calves | ||
| leaf | leaves | ||
| shelf | shelves | ||
| thief | thieves | ||
| wife | wives | ||
| wolf | wolves | ||
| half | halves | ||
| wharf | wharves | ||
| EXCEPTIONS | chief | chiefs | |
| cliff | cliffs | ||
| handkerchief | handkerchiefs | ||
| roof | roofs | ||
| some nouns have both forms | -s or -ves | hoof | hoofs / hooves |
| scarf | scarfs / scarves | ||
| dwarf | dwarfs / dwarves | ||
| nouns which change vowels | foot | feet | |
| louse | lice | ||
| mouse | mice | ||
| woman | women | ||
| goose | geese | ||
| man | men | ||
| tooth | teeth | ||
| child | children | ||
| ox | oxen |
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